Russia’s attack on Ukraine on 24 February 2022 caused Finland to put an end to its longstanding
policy of finlandization and to make a decision to join the North Atlantic Treaty
Organisation. Intensified Russian-inspired cyber-attacks against Finland were expected.
However, over the first three quarters of 2022, no major cyber incidents occurred. In this
article, the Author will undertake an attempt to answer the question as to how Finland
and Finnish society defend themselves against cyber threats and whether the lack
of any recorded attacks from Russia is the result of Finland’s level of cyber security or the
Kremlin’s lack of interest in such activities.
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